The persistence of pay inequality: The gender pay gap in an anonymous online labor market

March 4, 2020 — The U.S. is witnessing a dramatic rise in nontraditional ‘gig economy’ labor markets where workers are hired for single projects often on a short-term basis. An estimated 0.4% of U.S. adults are currently receiving income from such platforms each month. Research conducted based on collaboration between Columbia University Mailman School of…

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Hypertension in young adulthood associated with cognitive decline in middle age

High blood pressure, or hypertension, affects everything from your arteries to your kidneys, from eyesight to sexual function. Among older adults, high blood pressure is also associated with cognitive decline as a result of interrupted blood flow to the brain, as well as strokes, heart attacks and impaired mobility. A new Northwestern University-Tel Aviv University…

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Design, power, and justice

When Sasha Costanza-Chock goes through airport security, it is an unusually uncomfortable experience. Costanza-Chock, an MIT associate professor, is transgender and nonbinary. They use the pronouns they/them, and their body does not match binary norms. But airport security millimeter wave scanners are set up with binary, male/female configurations. To operate the machine, agents press a…

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Automated CT biomarkers predict cardiovascular events better than current practice

Researchers at the National Institutes of Health and the University of Wisconsin have demonstrated that using artificial intelligence to analyze CT scans can produce more accurate risk assessment for major cardiovascular events than current, standard methods such as the Framingham risk score (FRS) and body-mass index (BMI). More than 80 million body CT scans are…

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Adding MRI-targeted biopsy leads to more reliable diagnosis of aggressive prostate cancer

BALTIMORE, MD – March 4, 2020 – Using a combination of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to target and sample suspicious prostate tissue along with a standard prostate biopsy is significantly more likely to detect the most aggressive prostate cancers than standard biopsy alone. This finding, published today in the New England Journal of Medicine, could…

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Certain factors predict smoking cessation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Smoking doubles the risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis and continuing to smoke after being diagnosed has negative effects on patients. In an Arthritis Care & Research study of patients with rheumatoid arthritis who smoked, certain healthcare factors were linked with a higher likelihood that patients would quit smoking. In the study that included 507 patients…

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