Biomarker may predict if immunotherapy is right choice for colorectal cancer patients

DUARTE, Calif. — Foundational research by a City of Hope physician-scientist and his colleagues could one day help metastatic colorectal cancer patients decide whether to choose immunotherapy or chemotherapy as their first treatment option. “Immunotherapy is the new, hot thing, but sometimes traditional chemotherapy can be a better choice,” said Marwan Fakih, M.D., senior author…

What causes spotting before a period?

Spotting before a period is generally harmless, and there is not always an obvious cause. However, spotting is sometimes an early sign of pregnancy or an indication of hormonal changes in the body. Spotting is light, irregular bleeding from the vagina that is noticeable but not substantial enough to soak a pad or liner. Spotting…